Frankfurter Frauenschule

The Frankfurter Frauenschule (Frankfurt Women’s School) was a women’s education project initiated by protagonists of the autonomous women’s movement, typical of its time in the 1980s. Founded by the sociologists Barbara Rendtorff, Dörthe Jung, Lu Haas and Ellen Koch, the institution was run for 30 years by the project team, in changing composition, together with the psychologists Barbara Köster and Iris Nikulka. From 2003 until the Frauenschule closed, Barbara Köster was its managing director with principal responsibility. The Frankfurter Frauenschule existed from 1982/3 to 2013.¹²³

Network politics: decentralised, grassroots-democratic, feminist

Hamburger Allee 45, Frankfurt am Main
This is where the first premises of the Frankfurter Frauenschule were located
Photo: Karin Kraus

Alongside Berlin, Frankfurt am Main was the most important centre of the West German women’s movement. From the 1970s onwards, numerous autonomous women’s projects, organised independently of state institutions, emerged here in various areas of society.⁴ The experiences of discrimination and exclusion that women continued to face despite formal equality – in the healthcare system, in education, culture and the media, on the labour market, in academia and, not least, in the dogmatic orientation of the West German 1968 movement – drove the development of women’s own networks.⁵

Among the institutions founded in Frankfurt am Main were the Frauenzentrum Eckenheimer Landstraße (women’s centre) in 1972, the Frauenbuchladen (women’s bookshop) in 1976, the Frauenzentrum Bockenheim in 1977, and in 1978 the Feministisches Frauengesundheitszentrum (Feminist Women’s Health Centre; FFGZ, until 2013) as well as the Autonomes Frauenhaus (autonomous women’s shelter).⁶

From 1979 onwards, Barbara Rendtorff⁷ and Dörthe Jung⁸ worked to establish an autonomous educational institution for women. They had previously co-founded the Frauenzentrum Bockenheim: the association Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung und Bildung für Frauen e. V. (SFBF; Social Science Research and Education for Women), set up in 1979 to continue the work of the women’s centre, took over as the sponsoring body of the Frankfurter Frauenschule after the women’s centre closed.

The management team brought different qualifications and areas of focus to the design of the Frauenschule’s programme: the psychologist Barbara Köster was a member of the Frankfurter Weiberrat (Frankfurt Women’s Council) and came to the Frauenschule, initially on a voluntary basis and later as a full-time employee, with topics in health policy.⁹¹⁰ The sociologist, educationalist and later professor Barbara Rendtorff shaped the Frauenschule’s educational work as a full-time employee until the early 1990s. With her expertise in social and labour market policy, the sociologist and management consultant Dörthe Jung was involved, among other things, in founding the “Frauenbetriebe” (women’s enterprises) and, together with the politician Marita Haibach (DIE GRÜNEN) and others, in pushing through the first Hessian Action Programme for Women under the then red-green coalition in the Hessian state parliament. This programme led to women’s policy becoming politically anchored in Hesse, for example through the first Hessian plan for the advancement of women in the state administration and universities in 1987 and the Hessian Equal Rights Act in 1993.¹¹¹² Iris Nikulka worked as a psychoanalyst and trainer in child and adolescent psychotherapy.¹³ The programme makers worked together across disciplines, including in discussing feminist theories. Similar offerings by autonomous women’s projects emerged in Cologne, Hamburg and West Berlin; the Frankfurter Frauenschule was one of the largest in the country.¹⁴

Feminist educational work

Programme

The project management team defined the Frankfurter Frauenschule as a feminist place “of communication (café, bar), of education (courses for mind and body, bookshop and library, film screenings etc.), of counselling (pregnancy conflict counselling as well as legal and psychological counselling), of reproduction and recreation (childcare, cultural events)”.¹⁵ The educationalist Annedore Prengel describes the basic idea of the Frankfurter Frauenschule as follows: “However, the Frankfurter Frauenschule, for instance, is indeed a pedagogical example of this concept [i.e. that of openness to heterogeneity]. The explicit aim of this autonomous women’s education project is to create space for openness. […] This challenge – to teach while allowing people to become independent, without determining in advance what this independence should look like – has unfortunately been taken far too little seriously by feminist school pedagogy as well. The adult education work of the Frankfurter Frauenschule represents a creative, new way of shaping this central pedagogical contradiction, in which diversity and equality are to be integrated.”¹⁶

The programme comprised courses, discussion groups and workshops on the concrete life situations of women. It was aimed at mothers, housewives and single parents, working women, unemployed women and women starting their own businesses. The women who made use of these offerings came from different age groups and educational backgrounds. Over the three decades of its existence, the Frauenschule continuously expanded its educational and events programme. The Frauenschule held conferences on current political topics such as environmental and urban development, sexualised violence and abuse, or women in the far-right scene. In addition, there were state-recognised offerings for educational leave and long-term further training for vocational qualification, such as training in the new media. Information forums were set up on various forms of therapy and on the subject of pensions and retirement provision for women. External course leaders were employed on a fee basis for the courses and discussion groups offered during the semesters.

From 1999 onwards, the Frauenschule also set up educational and information programmes for girls: the “Mädchenschule” (Girls’ School) offered, among other things, workshops on career orientation in the fields of media, fashion and museums.¹⁷

In addition to its own offerings in the field of art and culture, such as literary readings from the creative writing workshop, the Frankfurter Frauenschule cooperated with other experts and institutions: for example, Karola Gramann, Frankfurt film curator and artistic director of the Kinothek Asta Nielsen from 2006 to 2019, showed several film series under the title “How do I look? – I don’t see it” with changing programmes at the Frankfurter Frauenschule (1994 to 1997). In 1997, at various film evenings, she presented examples from the lesbian and gay film festival in Hamburg, “Lesben im Film” (Lesbians in Film).

From 1989 to 1999, the artist Charly Steiger ran the exhibition space “Sequenz” at the Frankfurter Frauenschule. The exhibition programme presented current positions of women artists in thematic series. Artists shown in solo exhibitions included Alba D’Urbano, Laura J. Padgett, Joanna Jones and Heide Weidele.¹⁸

Feminist theory-building

A particular focus of the Frankfurter Frauenschule’s work was the joint reading of theoretical writings on concepts of femininity and gender relations, aimed above all at academically interested women from the women’s movement and at academic forums. In doing so, the Frauenschule pursued the approach of “explicitly reflect[ing] on sexual difference from a poststructuralist and psychoanalytic (Lacanian) perspective and receiv[ing] the corresponding theorists”.¹⁹

Through numerous conferences and events, the Frankfurter Frauenschule itself contributed its own approaches to feminist theory-building. In 1990, the project team’s study of the Frauenschule’s work was published, funded by the then Federal Ministry for Youth, Family, Women and Health (BMJFFG).²⁰ The lectures that emerged from these theoretical discussions, including those by the many international speakers such as Rosi Braidotti, Judith Butler, Luce Irigaray or Luisa Muraro, Geneviève Fraisse, Christa Rohde-Dachser and Marianne Schuller, were for the most part published in the series Materialienband – Facetten feministischer Theoriebildung (Facets of Feminist Theory-Building) between 1987 and 2002. The series comprises 26 volumes and, as can be read on the Frankfurter Frauenschule’s website, documents “the course of feminist theoretical debates over a period of 15 years […], from the first peak of feminist theoretical discussion to the waning of the women’s movement – and it shows how openly, searchingly and thoughtfully the debates were conducted in those years.”²¹²²

In 2018, Barbara Rendtorff reflected on the concept, aims and practice of the Frankfurter Frauenschule in a retrospective “self-description”.²³

Initiatives, projects and networks that emerged from the Frankfurter Frauenschule

The discussions at the Frauenschule led to a series of concrete projects by and for women in the fields of labour market policy, financial services, culture, art and design.

The first labour market policy initiative of the Frankfurter Frauenschule was the founding of Frauenbetriebe – Frauen schaffen ihre Arbeitsplätze selbst e.V. (Women’s Enterprises – Women Create Their Own Jobs) in 1984. The association, since renamed “jumpp – Ihr Sprung in die Selbständigkeit. Frauenbetriebe e. V.”, offers qualification programmes and socio-economic advice for women entrepreneurs and women starting businesses in the commercial sector. Its initiators were Dörthe Jung, Lu Haas (1944–1991)²⁴ and Gudrun Krieger.

On the initiative of the Frauenschule, the exhibition space “Sequenz” and a financial advice office for women were opened. In addition, the founding group of the Lesbisch-Schwules Kulturhaus (Lesbian and Gay Cultural Centre) in Frankfurt am Main was constituted at the Frankfurter Frauenschule.²⁵

In 2000, the Frankfurter Frauenschule took part in founding the working group Frauen – Leben(s)-Entwürfe (Women – Life Plans) and in designing its programme. Providers of women’s education, including those of the churches, the Volkshochschule (adult education centre), pro familia and the Internationales Familienzentrum (International Family Centre), were affiliated with the forum.²⁶

The Offenbach-based Schule für Mode.Grafik.Design (School for Fashion, Graphics and Design), headed by Daniela Ballweg, offers preparatory foundation courses for university applicants in the field of art and design. The business was founded under the umbrella of the Frauenschule.²⁷

Funding and premises

In addition to self-generated income (including voluntary work, course fees and rentals), the Frankfurter Frauenschule financed its operating and staff costs through grants of varying amounts from the state of Hesse and from the Frauendezernat (Department for Women’s Affairs) of the City of Frankfurt.²⁸

In 1983, the team of the Frankfurter Frauenschule was involved in pushing through the Hessian Action Programme for Women, which was adopted in 1984/85 by the first red-green coalition in the Hessian state parliament. Eleven autonomous women’s education projects, including the Frankfurter Frauenschule, received grants from this funding programme for women’s education work outside institutions.²⁹

At first, the Frauenschule had no office premises of its own and no budget. The courses and events took place in rooms rented by the day at the Bürgertreff Westend (community centre). In 1985, the Frauenschule moved into a loft floor at Hamburger Allee 45. Renting and furnishing this floor, with a café, office and course rooms, a children’s room and an events hall, was made possible by a Frankfurt patron. The building complex was occupied by various projects; among others, the Feministisches Frauengesundheitszentrum e. V. (FFGZ), the city magazine Pflasterstrand and the Institut für sozial-ökologische Forschung (ISOE) (Institute for Social-Ecological Research) were based here. The address was regarded as a landmark of Frankfurt’s movement culture.³⁰³¹

In 1991, the Frauenschule moved to Hohenstaufenstraße 8, which remained the seat of the Frankfurter Frauenschule until its closure in 2013.³²

Publications (selection)

Frankfurter Frauenschule/SBFB e. V. (ed.): Facetten feministischer Theoriebildung. Materialienbände 1–26:³³Frankfurter Frauenschule/Verein Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung und Bildung für Frauen (SFBF e. V.) (ed.): Facetten feministischer Theoriebildung. Materialbände der Frankfurter Frauenschule 1–26. In: Website of the Frankfurter Frauenschule. Available online at: http://www.frauenschule.de/ (accessed on 17 December 2019).
- Vol. 1–4: Collections of essays based on lectures, self-published 1987/88.
- Vol. 5: Luisa Muraro: Vorträge. 1989, ISBN 3-926932-05-8 (Materialband).
- Vol. 6: Genealogie und Traditionen. 1990, ISBN 3-926932-06-6.
- Vol. 7: Über weibliches Begehren und sexuelle Differenz und den Mangel im herrschenden Diskurs. Autonome Frauenbildungsarbeit am Beispiel der Frankfurter Frauenschule. 1990.
- Vol. 8: Nationalsozialismus – Nationalismus. 1990.
- Vol. 9: Der feministische Blick auf die Sucht. 1990, ISBN 3-926932-09-0.
- Vol. 10: Körper – Bild – Sprache. 1991, ISBN 3-926932-10-4.
- Vol. 11: Suchbilder – Trugbilder. 1992, ISBN 3-926932-11-2.
- Vol. 12: Drogenkonsum und Kontrolle. 1992, ISBN 3-926932-12-0.
- Vol. 13: Gewalt und Gesetz. 1993, ISBN 3-926932-13-9.
- Vol. 14: Rosi Braidotti: Die Krise der Kategorien. Frau, Lesbe, Geschlecht. 1994, ISBN 3- 926932-14-7.
- Vol. 15: Materialität – Körper – Geschlecht. 1996, ISBN 3-926932-16-3.
- Vol. 16: Freiheit, Gleichheit, Differenz. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 1996, ISBN 3- 927164-91-7.
- Vol. 17: Barbara Rendtorff: Geschlecht und Kindheit. Psychosexuelle Entwicklung und Geschlechtsidentität. Arbeitstexte für Erzieherinnen, Lehrerinnen und Mütter. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 1997, ISBN 3-927164-92-5.
- Vol. 18: Anpassung und Dissidenz. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 1997, ISBN 3- 927164-69-0.
- Vol. 19: Verführungen und Verfügungen. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 1998, ISBN 3- 927164-68-2.
- Vol. 20: Frankfurter Frauenschule/SFBF e. V. (ed.): Über das Hervorbringen. Weibliches – Aspekte einer anderen Vernunft? Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 1999, ISBN 3-927164-49-6 (Materialband).
- Vol. 21: Frankfurter Frauenschule/SFBF e. V./Jürgens, Gisela (eds.): Frauen-Arbeit: Entfremdung und Freiheit. Reflexionen aus Italien. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 1999, ISBN 3-89741-028-1 (Materialband).
- Vol. 22: Begehren Denken. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 1999, ISBN 3-89741-029-X.
- Vol. 23: Die Frage der Sexuierung. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 2000, ISBN 3- 89741-041-9.
- Vol. 24: Identität Begehren Differenz. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 2000, ISBN 3- 89741-059-1.
- Vol. 25: Mutter und Tochter. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 2001, ISBN 3-89741-073-7. (Materialband).
- Vol. 26: Frauen-Körper Beziehungen. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag 2002, ISBN 3- 89741-091-5.
Rendtorff, Barbara (1990): Über die Frankfurter Frauenschule. In: Die Philosophin: Forum für feministische Theorie und Philosophie, No. 2.
Rendtorff, Barbara/Nikulka, Iris/Köster, Barbara/Jung, Dörthe (1990): Über weibliches Begehren und sexuelle Differenz und Mangel im herrschenden Diskurs. Autonome Frauenbildungsarbeit am Beispiel der Frankfurter Frauenschule. In: Verein Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung und Bildung für Frauen (ed.): Facetten feministischer Theoriebildung, Materialband 7. Available online at: http://www.frauenschule.de/media/Materialienband7.pdf (accessed on 11 December 2019).
Rendtorff, Barbara (2018): Aus der Geschichte feministischer Theorie und Praxis – Die Arbeit der Frankfurter Frauenschule. Ein Beitrag zum historischen Gedächtnis. In: Feministische Studien, No. 1.

External links

Website of the Frankfurter Frauenschule

Machine translation: This article was translated automatically from the German original.

1
Jung, Dörthe (2017): Wie die Frauenbewegung Frankfurt bewegte. Aufbruch und Rebellion: Die neue Frauenbewegung in Frankfurt 1968–1990. Lecture at the Deutsches Architekturmuseum Frankfurt am Main. In: Vortragsreihe „STADTplus. Die Stadt und der Feminismus“ sowie der Ausstellung „Frau Architekt“, 4 October. Available online at: http://www.doerthejung-consult.com/WEB/content/texte/Doerthe%20Jung%20im%20 Deutschen%20Architekturmuseum%202017.pdf (accessed on 9 December 2019). ↩︎
2
Wischermann, Ulla (2018): Vom Weiberrat zur Frauenprofessur. Die Neue Frauenbewegung und der 1968er Aufbruch. In: Goethe-Universität (ed.): Die 68er: Forschung Frankfurt. Das Wissenschaftsmagazin der Goethe-Universität. No. 1. Frankfurt/M., p. 65. Available online at: https://www.forschung-frankfurt.uni-frankfurt.de/72047849/fofra_2018_01_gesamt.pdf (accessed on 14 July 2021). ↩︎
3
Tinnappel, Friederike (2003): Kämpfen, so gut und so lange es noch geht. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 25 October. ↩︎
4
Harting, Mechthild (2014): Die Schweißerin ist nicht mehr in Mode. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, article of 10 February. Available online at: https://www.faz.net/aktuell/rhein-main/frankfurt/frauen-in-der-arbeitswelt-die-schweisserin-ist-nicht-mehr-in-mode-12793194.html (accessed on 15 July 2021). ↩︎
5
Wischermann, Ulla (2018): Vom Weiberrat zur Frauenprofessur. Die Neue Frauenbewegung und der 1968er Aufbruch. In: Goethe-Universität (ed.): Die 68er: Forschung Frankfurt. Das Wissenschaftsmagazin der Goethe-Universität. No. 1. Frankfurt/M., p. 65. Available online at: https://www.forschung-frankfurt.uni-frankfurt.de/72047849/fofra_2018_01_gesamt.pdf (accessed on 14 July 2021). ↩︎
6
Fraueninformationszentrum vom Mannheimer Frauenhaus e. V. (2010): Frauenhäuser. In: Familienhandbuch, article of 10 March. Available online at: https://www.familienhandbuch.de/unterstuetzungsangebote/beratung/frauenhaeuser.php (accessed on 11 December 2019). ↩︎
7
Rendtorff, Barbara (n.d.): Kurzvita. In: Website of Barbara Rendtorff. Available online at: http://www.barbara-rendtorff.de/biographie/ (accessed on 11 December 2019). ↩︎
8
Jung, Dörthe (n.d.): Biografie. In: Website of Dörthe Jung. Available online at: https://www.doerthejung-consult.com/WEB/content/biografie.html (accessed on 11 December 2019). ↩︎
9
Ludat, Gisela (1985): Die Frauenschule. In: EMMA, No. 9, pp. 34–37. Reprinted in: Die Grünen im Hessischen Landtag (ed.) (1985): Frauenpolitik Konkret. Teil 1: Das Hessische Aktionsprogramm für Frauen, Wiesbaden, pp. 60–63. ↩︎
10
Tinnappel, Friederike (2003): Kämpfen, so gut und so lange es noch geht. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 25 October. ↩︎
11
Jung, Dörthe (1995): Der diskrete Eintritt in die Macht. In: Hessische Landeszentrale für Politische Bildung und WEIBH e. V. (ed.): FrauenStadtGeschichte. Zum Beispiel: Frankfurt am Main. Königstein/Ts.: Ulrike Helmer Verlag, ISBN 3-927164-29-1, p. 198. ↩︎
12
Bündnis 90/DIE GRÜNEN, Landesverband Hessen (ed.) (2010): Geschlechter gerecht handeln – Neuer Aufbruch in der Frauenpolitik. Leitantrag. Available online at: https://www.gruene-hessen.de/partei/files/2010/05/geschlechter_gerecht_handeln_neuer_aufbr.pdf (accessed on 11 December 2019). ↩︎
13
Die Grünen im Hessischen Landtag (ed.) (1985): Frauenpolitik Konkret. Teil 1: Das Hessische Aktionsprogramm für Frauen, Wiesbaden. ↩︎
14
Grün, Wolfgang (1985): Weibermacht, Weiberlist. In: Die Zeit, article of 4 January. ↩︎
15
Rendtorff, Barbara/Nikulka, Iris/Köster, Barbara/Jung, Dörthe (1990): Über weibliches Begehren und sexuelle Differenz und Mangel im herrschenden Diskurs. Autonome Frauenbildungsarbeit am Beispiel der Frankfurter Frauenschule. In: Verein Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung und Bildung für Frauen (ed.): Facetten feministischer Theoriebildung, Materialband 7. Available online at: http://www.frauenschule.de/media/Materialienband7.pdf (accessed on 11 December 2019). ↩︎
16
Prengel, Annedore (2013): Pädagogik der Vielfalt: Verschiedenheit und Gleichberechtigung in Interkultureller, Feministischer und Integrativer Pädagogik. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, ISBN 978-3-531-14622-5, pp. 128 f. ↩︎
17
Anon. (1999): Für Mädchen und ehrenamtlich Arbeitende. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, article of 27 July. ↩︎
18
Baer-Bogenschütz, Dorothee (1995): Von der Rolle. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 22 March. ↩︎
19
Dingler, Catrin (2019): Der Schnitt: Zur Geschichte der Bildung weiblicher Subjektivität. Frankfurt/M.: Campus Verlag, ISBN: 978-3-593-51094-1, p. 348. ↩︎
20
Rendtorff, Barbara/Nikulka, Iris/Köster, Barbara/Jung, Dörthe (1990): Über weibliches Begehren und sexuelle Differenz und Mangel im herrschenden Diskurs. Autonome Frauenbildungsarbeit am Beispiel der Frankfurter Frauenschule. In: Verein Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung und Bildung für Frauen (ed.): Facetten feministischer Theoriebildung, Materialband 7. Available online at: http://www.frauenschule.de/media/Materialienband7.pdf (accessed on 11 December 2019). ↩︎
21
Frankfurter Frauenschule/Verein Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung und Bildung für Frauen (SFBF e. V.) (ed.): Facetten feministischer Theoriebildung. Materialbände der Frankfurter Frauenschule. In: Website of the Frankfurter Frauenschule. Available online at: http://www.frauenschule.de/ (accessed on 17 December 2019). ↩︎
22
Anon. (1999): Gegenlenken, wo es “knallhart frauenfeindlich” zugeht. Frankfurter Frauenschule bietet Unterstützung für Künstlerinnen und Ehrenamtliche. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 10 May. ↩︎
23
Rendtorff, Barbara (2018): Aus der Geschichte feministischer Theorie und Praxis – die Arbeit der Frankfurter Frauenschule. Ein Beitrag zum historischen Gedächtnis. In: Feministische Studien, No. 01. ↩︎
24
Jung, Dörthe (1991): Zum Tode von Lu Haas. In: Frankfurter Frauenblatt, No. 6. ↩︎
25
Schiner, Sabine (1996): 0,004 Prozent – kein Geld für Frauen. In: MATHILDE, 20(1). Available online at: https://www.mathilde-frauenzeitung.de/archiv(1)/020-28keingeld.html (accessed on 19 July 2021). ↩︎
26
Anon. (2000): Frauenbildungsträgerinnen. Im Herbst mehr als 50 Veranstaltungen. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 25 September 2000, p. 17 ↩︎
27
Erb, Nadja (2004): Wo sich Designer aufs Studium vorbereiten. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 11 December, p. 40. ↩︎
28
Anon. (2002): 20 Jahre Frauenschule. Aus Revolutionärem wurde inzwischen fast Alltag. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 3 September. ↩︎
29
Ludat, Gisela (1985): Die Frauenschule. In: EMMA, No. 9, pp. 34–37. Reprinted in: Die Grünen im Hessischen Landtag (ed.) (1985): Frauenpolitik Konkret. Teil 1: Das Hessische Aktionsprogramm für Frauen, Wiesbaden, pp. 60–63. ↩︎
30
Tinnappel, Friederike (2013): Ein Generationen-Projekt. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 6 December. ↩︎
31
Lemhöfer, Anne (2010): Adorno und die Atomkraft. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 25 January. ↩︎
32
Tinnappel, Friederike (2013): Ein Generationen-Projekt. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, article of 6 December. ↩︎
33
Frankfurter Frauenschule/Verein Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung und Bildung für Frauen (SFBF e. V.) (ed.): Facetten feministischer Theoriebildung. Materialbände der Frankfurter Frauenschule 1–26. In: Website of the Frankfurter Frauenschule. Available online at: http://www.frauenschule.de/ (accessed on 17 December 2019). ↩︎

Education, Feminist organisation, Social movement, Women's history

Empfohlene Zitierweise

Karin Görner
: Frankfurter Frauenschule. In: Equalpedia.

Online unter:

https://www.equalpedia.org/en/frankfurter-frauenschule-2/

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Education, Feminist organisation, Social movement, Women's history